Exenatide
Exenatide (exendin-4–based GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Evidence & Status
- FDA Approved
- Strong Human Evidence
- Established
At a Glance
An exendin-4–based GLP-1 receptor agonist used in approved prescription products for labeled uses. In EXSCEL, once-weekly exenatide established cardiovascular safety noninferiority, not cardiovascular superiority.
Plain English
Researchers study Exenatide as an exendin-4–based GLP-1 receptor agonist. Its approved uses, safety information, and dosing are specific to the applicable product, formulation, and label. The EXSCEL trial tested once-weekly exenatide in a defined population and established cardiovascular safety noninferiority; it did not demonstrate cardiovascular superiority.
Overview
Exenatide is an exendin-4–based GLP-1 receptor agonist used in immediate-release and extended-release prescription formulations. Evidence and regulatory conclusions are formulation- and indication-specific; results for once-weekly exenatide should not be generalized to other GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Research Summary
In the EXSCEL randomized cardiovascular-outcomes trial, once-weekly exenatide met the prespecified noninferiority criterion for major cardiovascular events versus placebo but did not demonstrate superiority. This result is specific to the studied formulation and population.
Research Areas
- Type 2 diabetes
- GLP-1 receptor pharmacology
- Weight management
- Cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes
Safety & Risks
Serious Risks
- Acute pancreatitis; discontinue and evaluate if suspected.
- Renal-use limitations may apply to the specific product and patient context.
- Hypoglycemia risk when used with relevant concomitant therapies.
Reported Side Effects
- Nausea (very common at initiation, decreases over time)
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Injection site nodules (ER form — microsphere depot reaction)
Legal Status by Region
- United States
- Product-, formulation-, indication-, and label-specific; consult the current official source.
- United Kingdom
- Product-, formulation-, indication-, and label-specific; consult the current official source.
- Australia
- Product-, formulation-, indication-, and label-specific; consult the current official source.
- Canada
- Product-, formulation-, indication-, and label-specific; consult the current official source.
Citations & Sources
- Effects of Once-Weekly Exenatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes.
Holman RR et al. · The New England Journal of Medicine · 2017
PMID 28910237 · DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1612917
- EXSCEL — Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering Trial.
Registry NCT01144338